加工中心具備銑削、磨削、鉆孔和高(gao)速(su)攻(gong)絲的能力(li)，具有高(gao)效高(gao)精、便捷安全的特點被(bei)廣泛應用于工(gong)業制造行業、模具行業、醫療行業、航天軍事等多個領域。購置數控加工(gong)中(zhong)心的機(ji)加工(gong)企業越(yue)來(lai)越(yue)多，而(er)這些設備常識一定要了解。

1.數控加(jia)工中心可(ke)不可(ke)以用雕刻(ke)機替代？

數控(kong)(kong)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)中(zhong)心和(he)(he)雕刻(ke)機都是(shi)采用銑削(xue)(xue)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)原理的(de)(de)機加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)設備。它們的(de)(de)區別在(zai)于刀具(ju)的(de)(de)直(zhi)徑，數控(kong)(kong)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)中(zhong)心的(de)(de)刀具(ju)直(zhi)徑范(fan)圍(wei)是(shi)6-40毫米，CNC雕刻(ke)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)刀具(ju)直(zhi)徑為0.2-3毫米。雕刻(ke)機能(neng)應用加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)環(huan)境有限，只(zhi)能(neng)進行精加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，而(er)數控(kong)(kong)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)中(zhong)心的(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)行程和(he)(he)切削(xue)(xue)量(liang)方面具(ju)有不(bu)(bu)可比擬的(de)(de)優勢，既可以重切削(xue)(xue)、粗加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，也可以輕切削(xue)(xue)、精加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)。因此雕刻(ke)機不(bu)(bu)能(neng)完全替代數控(kong)(kong)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)中(zhong)心。

2.哪些材料(liao)的特性會影響數(shu)控加工(gong)？

材(cai)料(liao)方(fang)面，影(ying)響數控加(jia)工(gong)(gong)中(zhong)心性(xing)能的(de)主要因素(su)是材(cai)料(liao)類別、硬(ying)度(du)(du)、韌(ren)性(xing)。材(cai)料(liao)類別包(bao)括金(jin)屬材(cai)料(liao)和非金(jin)屬材(cai)料(liao)。總的(de)來說，硬(ying)度(du)(du)越(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)大(da)，加(jia)工(gong)(gong)性(xing)越(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)差(cha)(cha)，粘(zhan)度(du)(du)越(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)大(da)，加(jia)工(gong)(gong)性(xing)越(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)差(cha)(cha)。雜(za)質越(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)多，加(jia)工(gong)(gong)性(xing)越(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)差(cha)(cha)，材(cai)料(liao)內部微粒硬(ying)度(du)(du)越(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)大(da)，加(jia)工(gong)(gong)性(xing)越(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)差(cha)(cha)。一個大(da)體的(de)標(biao)準(zhun)為：含(han)碳(tan)量越(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)高，加(jia)工(gong)(gong)性(xing)越(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)差(cha)(cha)，合金(jin)含(han)量越(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)高，加(jia)工(gong)(gong)性(xing)越(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)差(cha)(cha)，非金(jin)屬元素(su)含(han)量越(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)高，加(jia)工(gong)(gong)性(xing)越(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)好。

3.切(qie)削液對數控加工中心有何(he)幫(bang)助？

金(jin)屬的(de)(de)切(qie)削(xue)加工(gong)(gong)要注意加冷(leng)卻(que)油。冷(leng)卻(que)系統的(de)(de)作(zuo)用(yong)是帶(dai)(dai)走(zou)切(qie)削(xue)熱(re)和飛屑，對加工(gong)(gong)起到潤(run)滑的(de)(de)作(zuo)用(yong)。冷(leng)卻(que)液(ye)將切(qie)削(xue)熱(re)帶(dai)(dai)走(zou)，減(jian)少傳給(gei)刀具和電機的(de)(de)熱(re)量(liang)，提高(gao)它們的(de)(de)使(shi)用(yong)壽命。把(ba)飛屑帶(dai)(dai)走(zou)，避免出現(xian)二次切(qie)削(xue)的(de)(de)現(xian)象。潤(run)滑作(zuo)用(yong)可以(yi)減(jian)小切(qie)削(xue)力，使(shi)加工(gong)(gong)更加穩定。在紫銅加工(gong)(gong)中，選用(yong)油性切(qie)削(xue)液(ye)可以(yi)提高(gao)表(biao)面質量(liang)。

4.加工時(shi)出現斷刀如何(he)處(chu)理

應該停止加(jia)工(gong)，檢查加(jia)工(gong)的(de)當前序號。查看斷(duan)刀處是(shi)否(fou)有斷(duan)刀的(de)刀頭，及(ji)時取出。分析斷(duan)刀原因，這(zhe)點尤(you)為(wei)重要(yao)，斷(duan)刀的(de)原因有很多，有刀具受力問(wen)題，有路(lu)徑(jing)問(wen)題，刀具抖(dou)動，加(jia)工(gong)材(cai)料過硬等。

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